Session 3 Market Based Management Appli Essay - 1209 Words

Nova Southeastern University H. Wayne Huizenga School of Business and Entrepreneurship MGT 5012–Twenty First Century Management Practices Assignment for Course: MGT 5012-Twenty First Century Management Practices Submitted to: Dr. Bahaudin G. Mujtaba Submitted by: Sharon M. Rodriguez 4204 Renaissance Way, Boynton Beach, FL 33426 Sharrod713@gmail.com Work phone number: 561-226-7057 Home phone number: 772-332-1083 Date of Submission: 10/19/14 Title of Assignment: Market-Based Management Application CERTIFICATION OF AUTHORSHIP: I certify that I am the author of this paper and that any assistance I received in its preparation is fully acknowledged and disclosed in the paper. I have also cited any sources from which I used data, ideas†¦show more content†¦MBM is a scientific approach to management that integrates theory and practice, and provides a framework for dealing with the ongoing challenges of growth and change (KOCH, 2007). Five Dimensions The theory of MBM is rooted in the Science of Human Action and is defined by five dimensions: (figure 1) (GP, 2014). Until now I have never heard of or read about Market-Based Management. I’m privileged to know someone who worked at Georgia-Pacific where the employees were required to take courses. They used guiding principles for reviews and evaluations. By using these dimensions along with the guiding principles we presume and organization will be successful both internal and external. This has been proved successful for Koch Industries, however there are still arguments that it doesn’t apply to all business sectors. For example: Let’s take the dimension Incentives. An employee performing the day to day activities improves a process and the accomplishments of time saving or elimination. Based on the MBM Incentive, this should be rewarded. This will be acknowledged by direct reports but then taken up the chain command, only to find out that it’s not relevant at that level. How does this employee get rewarded based on the guidelines? Also, a salary increase would be a n incentive for the employee to perform good work. In the MBM culture, salary is based on the market for the area the employee works in. AShow MoreRelatedHba Class of 20143348 Words   |  14 Pages You will burn out if you t his invaluable resource and to get to d on’t and your report won’t be coherent. k now these amazing people. 2) Make sure you take the time to â€Å"Plan your work; t owards this common goal. F ROG THURSDAYS 3 ) Make sure your numbers make sense. Do not a nd stressful. A person cannot work at m ake up random numbers. t his fast pace without the occasional a nd Work your plan†. Make sure your group works The HBA1 program can be demanding bRead MorePersonal Skills Development in the Accounting Curriculum7877 Words   |  32 Pagesdeploy effectively a repertoire of generic and more speci c skills (Lewis and Gill, 1999, p. 1). Essentially employers have stated that they want students to be able to think laterally (Holmes, 1995a). They require students familiar with a problem-based approach to a situation and to take with them into employment the ability to come up with creative and original solutions. Personal and interpersonal skills encompass both communications and team work dynamics, thus the requirement for team playersRead MoreProject Management32831 Words   |  132 PagesGIS PROJECT MANAGEMENT MSc Thesis Dissertation submitted in part fulfillment for the degree of Master of Science in Geographical Information Systems April 1997 J.G.A. Bestebreurtje Manchester Metropolitan University Mentor: Prof. Dr. H.J. Scholten Free University of Amsterdam Master Thesis: GIS Project management Final Version ABSTRACT Recent studies concerning GIS show that it is the fastest growing segment (both hard software) of the graphical computer market. 70% of privateRead MoreMedicare Policy Analysis447966 Words   |  1792 PagesI 111TH CONGRESS 1ST SESSION H. R. 3962 To provide affordable, quality health care for all Americans and reduce the growth in health care spending, and for other purposes. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OCTOBER 29, 2009 Mr. DINGELL (for himself, Mr. RANGEL, Mr. WAXMAN, Mr. GEORGE MILLER of California, Mr. STARK, Mr. PALLONE, and Mr. ANDREWS) introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee on Energy and Commerce, and in addition to the Committees on EducationRead MoreLibrary Management204752 Words   |  820 PagesCenter Management Recent Titles in Library and Information Science Text Series Library and Information Center Management, Sixth Edition Robert D. Stueart and Barbara B. Moran United States Government Information: Policies and Sources Peter Hernon, Harold C. Relyea, Robert E. Dugan, and Joan F. Cheverie Library Information Systems: From Library Automation to Distributed Information Access Solutions Thomas R. Kochtanek and Joseph R. Matthews The Complete Guide to Acquisitions Management Frances

We Were Soldiers Analysis Essay - 1591 Words

Scott Johnson 04/14/09 HIST. 1700 Term Project Film Analysis/Review WE WERE SOLDIERS It’s a known fact that that the Vietnam War was fought by young American soldiers that bled and died next to one another in the jungles of Vietnam. With many wins and loses throughout the war there were over 58,000 American casualties by wars end. The movie, â€Å"We Were Soldiers† focuses on the role of the United State’s 7th Calvary Regiment in the Battle of Ia Drang, which was the first large-unit battle of the Vietnam War. Lt. Col. Hal Moore commanded the 7th Calvary Regiment that landed a helicopter in an area named â€Å"X-Ray† located in the Ia Drang Valley of Vietnam. LT. Col. Moore found himself and his men defending an area no bigger than†¦show more content†¦The production team also made sure the weapons and vehicles were historically correct as well. To me, those are two of the things I would notice when it comes to viewing historically re-enacted war movies. I have seen too many movies where the weapons or vehicles that are from the wrong era ruin the movie and therefore destroying its historic value. However, in this movie, the production team hired a company called Cinema Weaponry who furnished and restored some 250 weapons for the Air Calvary soldiers including M-79 40mm grenade launchers, M-60 machine guns, 45-calibur pistols and M-16E1 assault rifles. The Vietnamese used anything from French and Russian surplus rifles including the MAT-49 submachine gun and PPS-43 rifles. Since few actual AK-47 were around, they made custom replicas of the Ak-47s. Over all, the costume and prop departments for this movie did an extraordinary job to simulate and recreate the Battle of Ia Drang in 1965. One of the few differences I could find that historically never happened in the real Battle of the Ia Drang, but happened in the final battle scene of the film, was Lt. Col. Moore’s bayonet charge into the oncoming North Vietnamese. According to the book, â€Å"We WereShow MoreRelatedAnalysis of We Were Soldiers Once and YOung: Ia Drang The Battle that Changed the War in Vietnam1968 Words   |  8 PagesWe Were Soldiers Once and Young – Ia Drang- the Battle That Changed the War in Vietnam, Shake Hands with the Devil and Fingerprints through Time- a History of the Guelph Police are three books that were written from the popular history perspective. The simple goal of these books were quite simple; they wanted to tell a story, educate their readers about true historical events that little knew about and to further educate them. This was written in chronological order and gives us detailed backRead MoreWilfred Owen’s Dulce et Decorum Est1100 Words    |  5 PagesLiterary Analysis of Wilfred Owen’s â€Å"Dulce et Decorum Est† The world is a changing place with many different countries and people in those countries who try to change the world from our past, future and present. 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Problems and Issues in Implementing of Ra 9344 of Isabela Free Essays

string(84) " and juvenile offenders attributing for the large percentage of violent crimes \(i\." Children often test the limits and boundaries set by their parents and other authority figures. Among adolescents, some rebelliousness and experimentation is common. However, a few children consistently participate in problematic behaviors that negatively affect their family, academic, social, and personal functioning. We will write a custom essay sample on Problems and Issues in Implementing of Ra 9344 of Isabela or any similar topic only for you Order Now These children present great concern to parents and the community at large.The prevention of delinquency requires identifying at-risk individuals and their environments before delinquent activity and behavior occur, and then removing such risk factors or strengthening resistance to the risk factors already present. The most logical starting place for prevention efforts is family . The prevention of delinquency requires identifying at-risk individuals and their environments before delinquent activity and behavior occur, and then removing such risk factors or strengthening resistance to the risk factors already present.The most logical starting place for prevention efforts is the family. If the reports we read on the newspapers are true, then, this fact cannot be denied: juvenile delinquency is on the increase in our country. The past few years has seen a sharp incline of juvenile offences. As we talk further Juvenile delinquency it is refer to antisocial or illegal behavior by children or adolescents, for dealing with juveniles, such as juvenile detention centers. There are a multitude of different theories on the causes of crime, most if not all of which can be applied to the causes of youth crime.A Juvenile Delinquent is one who repeatedly commits crime. These juvenile delinquents sometimes have mental disorders/behavioral issues such as post traumatic stress disorder or bipolar disorder, and are sometimes diagnosed with conduct disorder[1] partially as a result of their delinquent behaviors. Individual psychological or behavioral risk factors that may make offending more likely include intelligence, impulsiveness or the inability to delay gratification, aggression, empathy, and restlessness. Farrington: 2002) Children with low intelligence are likely to do worse in school. This may increase the chances of offending because low educational attainment, a low attachment to school, and low educational aspirations are all risk factors for offending in themselves. (Walklate: 2003 p. 2) Children who perform poorly at school are also more likely to truant, which is also linked to offending. (Farrington: 2002 p. 682) If strain theory or subculture theory are valid poor educational attainment could lead to crime as children were unable to attain wealth and status legally.However it must be born in mind that defining and measuring intelligence is troublesome. Young males are especially likely to be impulsive which could mean they disregard the long-term consequences of their actions, have a lack of self-control, and are unable to postpone immediate gratification. More over children who act against the law. Most legal systems prescribe specific procedures for dealing with juveniles, such as juvenile detention centers. There are a multitude of different theories on the causes of crime CriminologyCriminology is the scientific study of the nature, extent, causes, and control of criminal behavior in both the individual and in society†¦ most if not all of which can be applied to the causes of youth crime. Youth crime is a major issue and is an aspect of crime which receives great attention from the news media News media The news media refers to the section of the mass media that focuses on presenting current news to the public. These include print media; broadcast media , and increasingly Internet-based media . -Etymology: A medium is a carrier of something†¦II. Theoretical frame work. The theory of Differential association also deals with young people in a group context, and looks at how peer pressure and the existence of gangs could lead them into crime. It suggests young people are motivated to commit crimes by delinquent peers, and learn criminal skills from them. The diminished influence of peers after men marry has also been cited as a factor in desisting from offending. There is strong evidence that young people with criminal friends are more likely to commit crimes themselves.However it may be the case that offenders prefer to associate with one another, rather than delinquent peers causing someone to start offending. Furthermore there is the question of how the delinquent peer group became delinquent initially. In Social disorganization Current positivist approaches generally focus on the culture. A type of criminological theory attributing variation in crime and delinquency over time and among territories to the absence or breakdown of communal institutions (e. g. family, school, church and social groups. and communal relationships that traditionally encouraged cooperative relationships among people. Merton’s suggests five adaptations to this dilemma: 1. Innovation: individuals who accept socially approved goals, but not necessarily the socially approved means. 2. Retreatism: those who reject socially approved goals and the means for acquiring them. 3. Ritualism: those who buy into a system of socially approved means, but lose sight of the goals. Merton believed that drug users are in this category. 4. Conformity: those who conform to the system’s means and goals. . Rebellion: people who negate socially approved goals and means by creating a new system of acceptable goals and means. A difficulty with strain theory is that it does not explore why children of low-income families would have poor educational attainment in the first place. More importantly is the fact that much youth crime does not have an economic motivation. Strain theory fails to explain violent crime, the type of youth crime which causes most anxiety to the public. III. Conceptual framework Juvenile delinquency is children who act against the law.Most legal systems prescribe specific procedures for dealing with juveniles, such as juvenile detention centers On children who act against the law. Most legal systems prescribe specific procedures for dealing with juveniles, such as juvenile detention centers ce the juvenile offender reaches maturation he or she is likely to continue exhibiting maladaptive behaviors and increases his risk of being cycled through the criminal justice system as an adult offender. Due to the small population of habitual adult and juvenile offenders attributing for the large percentage of violent crimes (i. You read "Problems and Issues in Implementing of Ra 9344 of Isabela" in category "Papers" . murder and aggravated assault) the criminal justice system should supervise the small population of career criminals in an effort to prevent the spawning of serious violent offenders. If mental disorders such as conduct disorder go undiagnosed and untreated the juvenile offender has the increased potential to later develop antisocial personality disorder and continue his life as a career criminal. The majority of violent offenders exhibit characteristics of antisocial personality disorder and exhibit it no later than age 15.Antisocial personality disorder is a common diagnosis for a serial killer. Authors Alvarez and Bachman found that one similarity among serial killers was their prior criminal convictions. In this case conduct disorder can become a probable constituent to serial murder if not diagnosed and treated before it fully develops in adulthood as antisocial personality disorder. Both conduct disorder and antisocial personality disorder are categorized as personality disorders under the DSM-IV-TR and share extremely similar definitions as explained above in ‘Mental Disorders’.Some of the common characteristics include consistent violation of societal norms, aggressive behavior towards people, and a disassociation to the emotion of empathy. These traits are also common amongst serial killers and if the maladaptive behaviors are not treated they have the potential to conceive a person that fantasizes about killing several victims and then fulfills their impulsivity when they are no longer capable of suppressing it. IV. Statemet of the problemThis study aims to determine the widespread cases of juvenile delinquency or the number of minors who committed crimes at the m unicipality of Isabela for the year 2009-2010. This study sought to answer the following: 1. To determine the numbers of the youth who committed crimes. 2. To determine the significant of studying juvenile delinquency cases to criminology student. 3. To determine the reason why there is a widespread of juvenile delinquency. VI. Significance of the study This study is significant to the following persons:School Administration: Should the result of the study proved the reason of the widespread juvenile delinquency cases in our society. For them to do an action plan on how to educate their students to avoid this wrong doings Criminology instructors: This study can help the instructors to prepare the criminology students on how to deal with tjis problem as the are the future peace maker of our society. The parents: The result is very helpful to all of the parents for them to guide their children to the right path and for them to gain knowledge about juvenile delinquency.The school: the institution could implement the rules and regulations and also punishment for them to insure that the student will avoid to committee crimes. The community: the result is useful to them for them to be aware of the widespread cases in our society. The student: As a criminology student we are so much benefited buy the result of this study. It is because we will be aware of the reasons and action that we will be implemented when we will be on the field of our profession in the future. V. Limitation of the studyThis study covers only the municipality of Isabeela,the male and female youth who committed crimes. This study include the widespread cases of juvenile delinquency. VI. Rationally Classical criminology stresses that causes of crime lie within the individual offender, rather than in their external environment. Classical theories state that â€Å"juveniles are rational, intelligent people who have free will – the ability to make choices. † Crime is the result of people making choices, such as breaking the law.According to rational choice theory, â€Å"because behavior is a conscious decision children make, they may be held responsible for their choices and their consequences. â€Å"Classical criminology stresses that causes of crime lie within the individual. As commonly used, an individual is a person or any specific object in a collection. In the 15th century and earlier, and also today within the fields of statistics and metaphysics, individual means â€Å"indivisible†, typically describing any numerically singular thing, but sometimes meaning â€Å"a person. â€Å"†¦ Offender, rather than in their external environment. For classicists, offenders are motivated by rational self inter Self-interest originally had a more strictly financial meaning. Closer in English to its current meaning was the word commodity. Only later did it take on the more general senses given below:*Egoism*Selfishness*Ethical egoism*Psychological egoism†¦ Free will is the purported ability of agents to make choices free from constraints. Historically, the constraint of dominant concern has been the metaphysical constraint of determinism. .. and personal responsibility Moral responsibilityMoral responsibility can refer to two different but related things. First, a person has moral responsibility in a situation if that person has an obligation to ensure that something will happen. Assume that John promised to baby-sit for his neighbor while she goes to a job interview, but decides he†¦ Rational choice theory Rational choice theory, also known as choice theory or rational action theory, is a framework for understanding and often formally modeling social and economic behavior. It is the main theoretical paradigm in the currently-dominant school of microeconomics†¦VII. Definatfion of terms A dependent child- is one who is without a parent, guardian or custodian; orone whose parents, guardian or other custodian for good cause desires to be relieved of his care and custody; and is dependent upon the public for support. An abandoned child- is one who has no proper parental care or guardianship, or whose parents or guardians have deserted him for a period of at least six continuous months. A neglected child- is one whose basic needs have been deliberately unattended or inadequately attended.Neglect may occur in two ways: There is a physical neglect when the child is malnourished, ill clad and without proper shelter. A child is unattended when left by himself without provisions for his needs and/or without proper supervision. Emotional neglect exists: when children are maltreated, raped or seduced; when children are exploited, overworked or made to work under conditions not conducive to good health; or are made to beg in the streets or public places, or when children are in moral danger, or exposed to gambling, prostitution and other vices.Commitment or surrender of a child- is the legal act of entrusting a child to the care of the Department of Social Welfare or any duly licensed child placement agency or individual. Commitment may be done in the following manner: a) Involuntary commitment, in case of a dependent child, or through the termination of parental or guardi anship rights by reason of abandonment, substantial and continuous or repeated neglect and/or parental incompetence to discharge parental responsibilities, and in the manner, form and procedure hereinafter prescribed. ) Voluntary commitment, through the relinquishment of parental or guardianship rights in the manner and form hereinafter prescribed. A child-caring institution is one that provides twenty-four hour resident group care service for the physical, mental, social and spiritual well-being of nine or more mentally gifted, dependent, abandoned, neglected, handicapped or disturbed children, or youthful offenders. A detention home is a twenty-four hour child-caring institution providing short term resident care for youthful offenders who are awaiting court disposition of their cases or transfer to other agencies or jurisdiction.A shelter-care institution is one that provides temporary protection and care to children requiring emergency reception as a result of fortuitous events, abandonment by parents, dangerous conditions of neglect or cruelty in the home, being without adult care because of crisis in the family, or a court order holding them as material witnesses. Receiving homes are family-type homes which provide temporary shelter from ten to twenty days for children who shall during this period be under observation an d study for eventual placement by the Department of Social Welfare.A nursery is a child-caring institution that provides care for six or more children below six years of age for all or part of a twenty-four hour day, except those duly licensed to offer primarily medical and educational services. A maternity home is an institution or place of residence whose primary function is to give shelter and care to pregnant women and their infants before, during and after delivery. A rehabilitation center is an institution that receives and rehabilitates youthful offenders or other disturbed children. A reception and study center is an institution that receives for study, diagnosis, and temporary treatment, children who have behavioral problems for the purpose of determining the appropriate care for them or recommending their permanent treatment or rehabilitation in other child welfare agencies. A child-placing agency is an institution or person assuming the care, custody, protection and maintenance of children for placement in any child-caring institution or home or under the care and custody of any person or persons for purposes of adoption, guardianship or foster care.The relatives of such child or children within the sixth degree of consanguinity or affinity are excluded from this definition. CHAPTER 2 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE * | This chapter presents concepts, studies as well as the important data about the topic which is need to consider in conducting this study. Such as the general principles of the child and youth welfare and at the home at church at community and so many more article about the topic which is the presidential no. 03 that contain the child and youth welfare code. GENERAL PRICEPLE OF PD. 603 (THE CHILD AND YOUTH WELFARE CODE: This presidential decree is ordered and decree by our former president Ferdinand E. Marcos. It is promulgated last December 10, 1974. Article 1. Declaration of Policy. – The Child is one of the most important assets of the nation. Every effort should be exerted to promote his welfare and enhance his opportunities for a useful and happy life. The child is not a mere creature of the State.Hence, his individual traits and aptitudes should be cultivated to the utmost insofar as they do not conflict with the general welfare. The molding of the character of the child starts at the home. Consequently, every member of the family should strive to make the home a wholesome and harmonious place as its atmosphere and conditions will greatly influence the child’s development. Attachment to the home and strong family ties should be encouraged but not to the extent of making the home isolated and exclusive and unconcerned with the interests of the community and the country.The natural right and duty of parents in the rearing of the child for civic efficiency should receive the aid and support of the government. The school, the church, the guild, and the community in general, should assist the home and the State in the endeavor to prepare the child for the responsibilities of adulthood. Art. 2. Title and Scope of Code. – The Code shall be known as the â€Å"Child and Youth Welfare Code†. It shall apply to persons below twenty-one years of age except those emancipated in accordance with law. Child† or â€Å"minor† or â€Å"youth† as used in this Code, shall refer to such persons. Art. 3. Rights of the Child. – All children shall be entitled to the rights herein set forth without distinction as to legitimacy or illegitimacy, sex, social status, religion, political antecedents, and other factors. the following are the rights of the child: (1) Every child is endowed with the dignity and worth of a human being from the moment of his conception, as generally accepted in medical parlance, and has, therefore, the right to be born well. 2) Every child has the right to a wholesome family life that will provide him with love, care and understanding, guidance and counseling, and moral and material security. (3) Every child has the right to a well-rounded development of his personality to the end that he may become a happy, useful and active member of society. The gifted child shall be given opportunity and encouragement to develop his special talents. The emotionally disturbed or socially maladjusted child shall be treated with sympathy and understanding, and shall be entitled to treatment and competent care.The physically or mentally handicapped child shall be given the treatment, education and care required by his particular condition. (4) Every child has the right to a balanced diet, adequate clothing, sufficient shelter, proper medical attention, and all the basic physical requirements of a healthy and vigorous life. (5) Every child has the right to be brought up in an atmosphere of morality and rectitude for the enrichment and the strengthening of his character. 6) Every child has the right to an education commensurate with his abilities and to the development of his skills for the improvement of his capacity for service to himself and to his fellowmen. (7) Every child has the right to full opportunities for safe and wholesome recreation and activities, individual as well as social, for the wholesome use of his leisure hours . (8) Every child has the right to protection against exploitation, improper influences, hazards, and other conditions or circumstances prejudicial to his physical, mental, emotional, social and moral development. 9) Every child has the right to live in a community and a society that can offer him an environment free from pernicious influences and conducive to the promotion of his health and the cultivation of his desirable traits and attributes. (10) Every child has the right to the care, assistance, and protection of the State, particularly when his parents or guardians fail or are unable to provide him with his fundamental needs for growth, development, and improvement. 11) Every child has the right to an efficient and honest government that will deepen his faith in democracy and inspire him with the morality of the constituted authorities both in their public and private lives. (12) Every child has the right to grow up as a free individual, in an atmosphere of peace, understanding, tolerance, and universal brotherhood, and with the determination to contribute his share in the building of a better world Art. 4. Responsibilities of the Child. Every child, regardless of the circumstances of his birth, sex, religion, social status, political antecedents and other factors shall: (1) Strive to lead an upright and virtuous life in accordance with the tenets of his religion, the teachings of his elders and mentors, and the biddings of a clean conscience; (2) Love, respect and obey his parents, and cooperate with them in the strengthening of the family; (3) Extend to his brothers and sisters his love, thoughtfulness, and helpfulness, and endeavor with them to keep the family harmonious and united; (4) Exert his utmost to develop his potentialities for service, particularly by undergoing a formal education suited to his abilities, in order that he may become an asset to himself and to society; (5) Respect not only his elders but also the customs and traditions of our people, the memory of our heroes, the duly constituted authorities, the laws of our country, and the principles and institutions of democracy; (6) Participate actively in civic affairs and in the promotion of the general welfare, always bearing in mind that it is the youth who will eventually be called upon to discharge the responsibility of leadership in shaping the nation’s future; and (7) Help in the observance of individual human rights, the strengthening of freedom everywhere, the fostering of cooperation among nations in the pursuit of their common aspirations for programs and prosperity, and the furtherance of world peace. Art. 5.Commencement of Civil Personality. – The civil personality of the child shall commence from the time of his conception, for all purposes favorable to him, subject to the requirements of Article 41 of the Civil Code Art. 6. Abortion. – The abortion of a conceived child, whether such act be intentional or not, shall be governed by the pertinent provisions of the Revised Penal Code. Art. 7. Non-disclosure of Birth Records. – The records of a person’s birth shall be kept strictly confidential and no information relating thereto shall be issued except on the request of any of the following: (1) The person himself, or any person authorized by him; 2) His spouse, his parent or parents, his direct descendants, or the guardian or institution legally in-charge of him if he is a minor; (3) The court or proper public official whenever absolutely necessary in administrative, judicial or other official proceedings to determine the identity of the child’s parents or other circumstances surrounding his birth; and (4) In case of the person’s death, the nearest of kin. Any person violating the prohibition shall suffer the penalty of imprisonment of at least two months or a fine in an amount not exceeding five hundred pesos, or both, in the discretion of the court. Art. 8. Child’s Welfare Paramount. – In all questions regarding the care, custody, education and property of the child, his welfare shall be the paramount consideration. Art. 9. Levels of Growth. The child shall be given adequate care, assistance and guidance through his various levels of growth, from infancy to early and later childhood, to puberty and adolescence, and when necessary even after he shall have attained age 21. Art. 10. Phases of Development. – The child shall enjoy special protection and shall be given opportunities and facilities, by law and by other means, to ensure and enable his fullest development physically, mentally, emotionally, morally, spiritually and socially in a healthy and normal manner and in conditions of freedom and dignity appropriate to the corresponding developmental stage. Art. 11. Promotion of Health. – The promotion of the Child’s health shall begin with adequate pre-natal and post-natal care both for him and his mother. All appropriate measures shall be taken to insure his normal total development.It shall be the responsibility of the health, welfare, and educational entities to assist the parents in looking after the health of the child. Art. 12. Education. – The schools and other entities engaged in non-formal education shall assist the parents in providing the best education for the child. Art. 13. Social and Emotional Growth. – Steps shall be taken to insure the child’s healthy social and emotional growth. These shall be undertaken by the home in collaboration with the schools and other agencies engaged in the promotion of child welfare. Art. 14. Morality. – High moral principles should be instilled in the child, particularly in the home, the school, and the church to which he belongs.Art. 15. Spiritual Values. The promotion of the child’s spiritual  well-being according to the precepts of his religion should, as much as possible, be encouraged by the State. Art. 16. Civic Conscience. – The civic conscience of the child shall not be overlooked. He shall be brought up in an atmosphere of universal understanding, tolerance, friendship, and helpfulness and in full consciousness of his responsibilities as a member of society. Child and Youth Welfare and the Home Parental Authority Section A. In General Art. 17. Joint Parental Authority. – The father and mother shall exercise jointly just and reasonable parental authority and responsibility over their legitimate or adopted children.In case of disagreement, the father’s decision shall prevail u How to cite Problems and Issues in Implementing of Ra 9344 of Isabela, Papers

Leave It to Beaver free essay sample

Leave it to beaver A solid family is defined as a group of people who are there for one another through all of lifes trials and tribulations. They are the group of people that a son, daughter, mother or father can feel safe to coming home at night. A solid family is united as one and respects one another. In America it is starting to become rare to find a good solid American family. In the year 1980, 77% of children under the age of 18 were living in a two parent household. In the year 2005 an estimated 67% of children under the age of 18 were living in the household. In a span of twenty-five years the percentage of a good solid family household decreased. It is important nowadays to have a good solid foundation where you grow up because it defines you as a person. A solid family can be defined through the influence of the parents, their faith, their surroundings with peers and the openness and willingness to be loved for who they are. Influence from the parents is the main foundation of a solid family. When a child notices that the mother and father are treating one another with respect then they ill want to react the same way towards their siblings and even their aunts, uncles and grandparents. The young child will say please and thank you and Sir and Maam when they are being talked to. They will hold their parents in a much greater light when they show the respect to them. Parents also have to show their children respect. Nowadays statistics show that most teens who get into trouble often times have trouble in their own homes that they are brought up in. When fghting, violence, verbal abuse and physical abuse are all present in the parents relationship towards heir children these are factors of why they want to breakout and escape the hellish life that they are living at home. That does not create a solid family but instead a chaotic family that doesnt have any hope. Parents are the essentials of bringing up a loving individual and they teach the children new things in life. The children should be able to look forward to going up to their parents to seek advice, talk to them openly about lifes issues and be able to have personal conversations. Another foundation for a good solid family is faith. While many young adults are aced with the questions of Who am I? and What is my purpose in life? They should be able to go to their parents and ask them the questions without any hesitation. Everyone believes in a greater power and many families who believe in something commonly most often have great relationships. Having faith allows you to believe that building relationships is the everlasting answer. Building spiritual bond between individuals is the utmost important factor in keeping a family alive. You learn that the most important relationships in life that you come across is your elationship with the higher power, the relationship between your parents whose faithful and loving marriage will one day be the example that you want to set for your children and the relationships that your parents have allowed you to blossom into with your own siblings. Faith gives people a reason to live and a reason to love. A solid family allows this to be present in their lives to have a long lasting healthy relationship with one another. They have a common purpose and are brought up good solid family allows the faith to be present in their life each and everyday and llows every aspect in the family to not be ashamed of their family and not be ashamed of the relationships. Your peers and who you surround yourself with are also big foundations in your life. When you come from a good solid family background most of the time you will not fall into peer pressure because of the rules that have already been reinstated at home. Your confidence, your belief and your views on life have a good solid foundation at home that you do not see a point in converting into the outside world. Being around good company and those who influence you positively also impacts our family at home. When you are around those who love life and do great things you also find yourself converting into the same way. When young adults feel lost it is often due to the fact that they fall into peer pressure and other surroundings and make them start to think that that is what they should be doing. They believe that they should start having sex like their best friend, or they should start smoking and doing drugs like the popular clique group that they want to be like. They believe that they have to start to do these things because then people will accept them and eople will love them more, because they are lacking that zeal at home. Most people who have a good solid family at home already know that they are loved no matter what. They have a great support system behind them and they know that they do not need to conform to what their friends or their surroundings are digging in to. Lastly, a good solid family allows each other to be exactly who they are. A parent is going to love a child regardless of what theyVe done. In a solid family they are going to support one another through all of lifes hurdles. They will be there for one another when the going gets rough. A good solid family knows how to communicate with one another. Communication is the main key to having any good relationship. Talking to one another everyday allows people to be open, honest and safe. They know that they can come home without being Judged and without having fear of not being accepted. A good solid family sets the boundaries and rules for how they should react towards every problem. A good solid family is a foundation for a better life. Having a group of people who ou know you can trust and come home to feeling safe is always a nice heart warming feeling. Most of America does not have the privilege of this feeling. Within the last 25 years weve seen a good American family go from perfection to almost down in the dirt. Although its rare to find in our time, there is still hope for the next generations to come. Communicate effectively, be honest and open with everything and allow people to live their life but with boundaries. Faith and communication are key factors to having a good solid family.

Belonging Essay Example

Belonging Essay Example Belonging Essay Belonging Essay Belonging to a community or a group can impact someone through their attitudes, behavior and habits. It can also affect them socially as it may prevent them from revealing their true identity and in some cases may allow them to broaden their beliefs. A persons place in the community affects the entire community and their actions can affect the community in a positive or negative aspect. These ideas have been reflected in the texts Strictly Ballroom, Neighbors and Drifters. Strictly Ballroom directed by Bag Lurching shows a young man, Scott Hastings, who ballroom dances but wishes to change his style of dancing. This goes against the authority and the federation and affects the whole community. In Neighbors written by Tim Winston, illustrates a married couple broaden their beliefs about belonging to a place through acceptance from the community which allows them to create their own identity within the community. However, Drifters written by Bruce Dade represents ideas of both belonging and not belonging to a community and how it can affects people differently. In the movie Strictly Ballroom, Scott is portrayed as a semi- professional ballroom dancer which is reflected as his identity in the community. The ballroom community prevents Scott from expressing his own way of dancing in which he can mirror his feelings allowing him to create his own identity within the community. This restriction results in him going against the federation to create his own identity within the community ultimately allowing him to express his dancing from the heart instead of choreographed steps which relate in no way to the true meaning of the songs to which he dances. These steps are highlighted through close- ups to his movements to exaggerate that he is different from the rest and also to his ace revealing his true feelings about his way of dancing, which is of happiness and excited imaged through his enthusiasm and dedication for dancing. However, the result of Coots actions are revealed as Barry Fife, the head of the Federation, as Barry Fife eliminates Scott from the Groper competitions for not following the demonstrated steps of professionals. This scene is underlined by extreme close-ups to Barry Fifes face to convey his dominance over the ballroom community and also his anger is pictured as his face turns a bright red due to Coots rebellious actions. Ultimately, elimination affects Scott in no way as he is motivated by the audience especially by his father and Francs family. Their clapping is symbolic as it encourages both Scott and Fran to keep on dancing and forego the expectations of the authority. This builds a new identity for Scott and Fran and a new meaning of ballroom dancing in the community. In comparison to Strictly Ballroom, Neighbors illustrates a view of belonging yet not belonging to the community. The married couple in the poem view the perception of belonging to be neighbors were seldom seen and never eared which conveys that they had never been accepted within a neighborhood. The validity of the word never indicates that they had no connection or interaction with their neighbors throughout their stay in their previous town which, subconsciously, affected their attachment with their town. The alliteration used in the phrase points out the word seldom highlighting that even if they were seen there was still no interaction. However, their views of belonging changed gradually as time indications of the barriers, preventing the married couple, breaking down and allowing them to come closer to their neighbors and building a relationship twine them. The connotations of coming closer build as the neighbors start to interact reflected as they find themselves smiling back at the neighbors. The verb highlights that they were becoming a part of the community and felt themselves creating their own space within in the community. Ultimately, interaction between the neighbors started to become common as they told barely-understood stories signifies that their differences were overlooked and eventually the married couple found themselves shouting which is ironic as they criticized the Macedonian family for shouting when they first came to this town. Shouting is symbolic as it represents the married couple embracing the Macedonian lifestyle and allowing them to identify their individuals sense of self with their neighbors and creating their place in the community with their neighbors. In comparison, Doug from the movie Strictly Ballroom has no belonging to the ballroom community nor his family as his role in his family is of the submissive, always quiet and self-reserved. This prevents him of creating his own identity, which is of a professional ballroom dancer who gave up his dream for dancing to create his own identity instead of a superficial one who dances he steps of the corrupted federation. Ultimately removing his name from the ballroom dancing past, he leads himself to having no identity in the ballroom community or his family. This is reflected in the scene in which Liz throws her bag and Doug catches it. He is seen merely as the record player sitting on the side and listening to peoples orders. The close-up in this scene shows Doug and his facial expression of shock as he sees not the bag flying to him but Scott dancing the steps of the federation, this highlights Dogs role as he is not in shock of the bag. The lour brown connotes the feeling of sadness and isolation which in Doughs case is highly accurate. Doug behaves submissively to cause no disruption in Coots carrier for which he forgoes his identity of being a professional dancing. The irony that Scott is following Doughs path in life is what allows Doug to identify himself, again, as a dancer and to dance freely in the community. The stereo-typical legend of like- father-like-son is the theme demonstrated to indicate to Doug that his dreams of dancing in the Groper competitions through the use of his own steps can be achieved by his son. Finally allowing him to reveal his true identity of a ballroom dancer and to reclaim is position in his family and in the community. Similarly, belonging to a community has not been possible for the drifters as they constantly move to different places preventing them from connecting to their new homes or allowing them to adapt to the new environment. This affects the family identity as their short stays in towns avert them from planting their name or place in the community, ultimately not allowing the members of the family to have a permanent identity. Shell go out to the vegetable patch and pick all the green tomatoes from he vines reflects her place in the community as the green tomatoes are symbolic to her place within the community. She hasnt had enough time to completely adapt to the environment of this still new community and hasnt had enough time to build its roots strong enough to stay here permanently and engrave her name in this environment. This is contrast to her oldest daughters feelings as she had adapted to tears. The use of emotive language help create the image and reveal that the oldest daughter wants now to be stable in this community and wants to create a throng bond with this environment, Just as she did when she first came to this new town. Ultimately, this has no effect on the decision made and leaves on memories of this town, reflected as shell only remember how, when they first came here Make a wish, Tom, make a wish. The use of repetition symbolizes unfulfilled dreams and her eagerness to create a permanent identity for her and her family. In essence, belonging to a community or group has a significant impact on an individuals sense of self and the community as it may affect the individual to create their own identity or even prevent them from creating their identity. In cases such as in Strictly Ballroom belonging to a community may not be valid as it may cause isolation and sadness, in reference to Doug. Similarly, in Neighbors was demonstrated a similar theme of superficial aspects of belonging however they eventually resolved into a silent understanding of differences allowing the neighbors to connect and accept each other for whom they were. In association to these texts, Drifters represents a view of not belonging to the community as they were drifters, always moving preventing them from creating an attachment with their new home or building any permanent roots.

Green Mountain Resort Case Study Essays

Green Mountain Resort Case Study Essays Green Mountain Resort Case Study Paper Green Mountain Resort Case Study Paper â€Å"The images, metaphors, or frames that we hold, both of managing and of change, influence our ideas of what we think managing change is all about† (Palmer, Dunford, Akin, 2009). As people we all see through our own eyes, we call see a different perspective and have a different reaction to what is coming next. As human beings we react differently to situations. Situations of change are transitions that some are able to adapt to quickly while others have a hard time. Being the leader of that change can be difficult and helping make a change does not come easily or effectively. Keep and Newcomer (2008) stated that leaders couldn’t effectively initiate or implement change unless they are full involved. The case study: Green Mountain Resort (Dis)solves the Turnover Problem talks about the solution(s) to help decrease or get rid of employee turnover since being bought out by the bank’s investment team and upper management. This paper will discuss the six change images discussed and incorporate it with the assumptions made. Out of the six change assumptions discussed in Chapter 2 of our book Managing organizational change: A multiple perspectives approach, the assumption that would be identified with Gunter would be Image 2: Change Manager as a Navigator. Now that Gunter was not just an employee of Green Mountain Resort, he was also an owner. He knew in order to keep the doors open and lights on to the community of Green Mountain Resort her would have to make a change in regards to employee turnover. Green Mountain Resort was in a beautiful rural county, but that county was also the poorest in the state. : That meant that it was hard to find good employees locally, and those that were good, whether local or imported, didn’t stay long† (Palmer, Dunford, Akin, 2009, pg 40). Gunter being the core of the management team as well as owner was concerned about making this change but the outcomes that would come with it. Image 2: Change Manager as a Navigator is perceived as the heart of any action taken by management. Palmer, Dunford, Akin (2009) also explain that in the navigator image, a variety of factors external to managers mean that while they may achieve some intended change outcomes, others will occur over which they have little control (p. 27). In regards to the hospitality literature the change image discussed that can identify the assumptions about changing turnover is Image 1: Change Manager as a Director. The hospitality literature identified that employee turnover was a problem and that it needed to be handled. The difference between Gunter and hospitality literature was the fact that they saw it as constant, something that will always be an issue regardless of change and should be tolerated. Hospitality literature recommended â€Å"was to minimize the debilitating effects: streamline training, simplify jobs, don’t become dependent on individuals, make HR processes more efficient† (Palmer, Dunford, Akin, 2009, p. 41). The director image is based that results of change is reachable and management needs to be able to take control of making this change. Lastly the change image associated with the consultant would be Image 5: Change Manager as an Interpreter. â€Å"The interpreter image to managing change places the change manager in the position of creating meaning for other organizational members, helping them to make sense of various organizational events and actions† (Palmer, Dunford, Akin, 2009, p. 31). Instead of coming up with way to solve the problem of high turnover, the consultant helped Gunter see the problem in a different perspective by using it to benefit the organization vs. hurting it. The three change images discussed could all help with influencing assumptions about a recommendation to help with â€Å"the turnover problem. Gunter could have just took full action and made changes that he thought would benefit the organization or even take the approach of the hospitality literature and be direct with the change as other companies have probably done in the past. The change Image the consultant took was definitely the most beneficial by helping Gunter interpreter a new type of change by using the high turnover to the company’s advantage. Another change image that could have been used to help Green Mountain Resort with the high turnover could have been Image 4: Change Managers as a Coach. Gunter could have help deliberately mold the organization’s natural ability in specific ways. â€Å"Rather than dictating the exact state of each play as the director might attempt to do, the coach relies upon building in the right set of values, skills, and â€Å"drills† that are deemed to be the best ones that organizational members, as players, will be able to draw on adeptly in order o achieve desired organizational outcomes† (Palmer, Dunford, Akin, 2009, p. 30). In conclusion, the statement at the start of the chapter that â€Å"if we only draw upon one particular frame, then this will take us away from thinking about what is going on from an alternative perspective† reminds us as manager leading change in an organization to not just jump to the first idea on how to make change. We need to be able to think outside the box and make a change in how we react to change and what are first instincts of action would be. Having different perspectives in how to go about change will allow managers to really engage and figure out what the best plan of action will be. â€Å"Changes often fail because leadership fails to fully understand or underestimates the complexity of the change, increasing the risk that the change will not yield the desired results†(Keep Newcomer, 2008).

Written Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Written Assignment - Essay Example In the present scenario, globalisation, expatriation and advent of technologies have changed business operations and market conditions to a large extent. In this context, organisational behaviour plays an important role, as it assists in evaluating, controlling and forecasting the changing perception of workforce of organizations. It ensures that an effective workplace is maintained within an organisation, so that employees are able to conduct their operations in accordance with desired business objectives successfully3. Presently, the business scenario and market conditions have changed due to globalization and technological advancement. In addition, the emerging concept of expatriation has also changed the internal organisational environment to a large extent. The aforementioned factors are identified to be accountable for changes in organizational cultures. Individual from varied cultural background, ethnic groups and sex among others are working together in an organisation due to expatriation. The involvement of individuals representing different culture and having different belief has raised the trend of changing workforce in an organisation. In this context, organizational culture and organizational behaviour are recognised to be interrelated and equally important for organizations. Organizational culture includes vision, mission, values, assumptions, beliefs. Organizational culture is an important consideration for the overall performance of an organisation and it is regarded as the backbone of an organization. Workforce is the main asset of any organization. Subsequently, changing workforce is identified to influence organisational behaviour to a certain extent. Every organisation follows certain rules and regulation in its workplace to conduct operations in a coordinated and systematic manner. In this context, changing workforce may

A accounting calculations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

A accounting calculations - Essay Example According to Caplan (2006) suitable methods like value engineering and value analysis could contribute to reducing the cost of the three products. It helps in sorting additional overhead components like cooperative marketing, high levels of customer service, and product return handling to identify profitable customers. The approach enables the organization to put more emphasis on clients who earn large profits for the company while turning away unprofitable customers (Caplan, 2006). Distribution of product is a major undertaking for all enterprises. Most companies employ different channels of product distribution like email, distributors, the Internet, retails shops, and order catalogue. Reducing distribution cost is the primary function of ABC. Structural components that maintain the distribution falls under overhead. Therefore, ABC helps in deciding efficient delivery systems with lower costs or dropping unprofitable channels (Caplan, 2006). ABC helps the management decide on whether to buy or make a product. It does this by highlighting costs associated with product manufacturing. Such is the basis that guides one to either outsource or carry out in-house manufacture. Using ABC makes it easier to allocate overhead costs appropriately. Such allocation assists in determining margins of product lines, products, and their subsidiaries. The information guides the personnel to identify areas that would give maximum return margins (Caplan, 2006). The model assists marketing managers decide on the minimum price for the product. ABC model guides the marketing personnel to select particular overhead costs for inclusion in the minimum cost. The approach eradicates the possibility of selling a product at a loss or overpricing (Caplan, 2006). Using ABC model increases the cost pool volume, which increases the cost incurred to manage the system. A reduction in cost pool involves running a system that analyses and maintains the cost

Social Issue Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Social Issue - Essay Example This may not seem like a huge number but it is several millions of the reported cases. Majority of the cases go unreported because of shame (especially violence against the man) or threats from the violent spouse. The impact of this increasing domestic violence include: negative effects on the children, can result to homelessness, psychological issues in future, physical health problems, economic impact and in some extreme cases even murder. Majority of the domestically violent relationships have children in the center of them. Children are usually at the receiving end of such issues and it leads to them having trust issues in the future. These children are the future of our country and if they develop trust issues, are in the middle of nasty divorce cases and souse separation, get to see the abuse unfolding in their eyes, they will be destroyed. Some of the children will most likely develop the abuse tendencies in the future starting another round of domestic abuse again, they are also likely to treat the opposite sex in a non-respecting manner as that is the example that was set for them when young as well as fail to lead effectively as they trust nobody. The should aim at door to door campaigns making people open up about their domestic violence as early in the relationship as possible and not fail to due to shame, stigmatization or fear. More is needed in terms of helping the children of such violent relationships as early as possible before the effects mentioned above manifests in them in their future. There should be more stringent actions taken against perpetrators of the violence other than what the law proposes now to discourage such acts in the future (Fall and Howard,

History Of Public And Commercial Leisure Provision

History Of Public And Commercial Leisure Provision Leisure can be defined as the process whereby everyone gets freedom from lengthy duties and everyday jobs. Roberts describes leisure as the relatively freely chosen non-work area of life. This shows that leisure can be done anytime or when the body call for it. The demand of recreation is constantly increasing, therefore leisure providers try to do as much as possible to attract people and make all kinds of profit in all the ways they can. The leisure provision can be divided into two sectors: first one is public which is provided by the government. Torkildsen (2005, p.131) describes it as provided by a public authority or by legislation for the general use of public. The second one is commercial sector, presented by private industries that are willing to give luxury leisure in return for money. However, their aim is to gain financial profit and an adequate return of investment Tordkilsen (2005, p.193). As we have been asked to write about leisure providers in this essay we will be looking through the history of the two sectors that are involved in the topic, by discussing the different types of organizations within them and saying who benefits from it by trying to explain why these sectors run leisure facilities. History of public and commercial leisure provision Leisure existed during ancient period as part of everyday life. As soon as it attracted more people, different providers of amusement have emerged. First signs of this division are dated on 18th century. In this period aristocracy provided exclusive sport like fox-hunting, horse-racing, shooting, to those who were socially qualified Cunningham (1980, p.17). In other words, it was for wealthy people that often possessed a land. In these circumstances gentlemen (people from middle class) and also gentry (those who had independent income but no land) created their own clubs and often met in assembly rooms. Taverns and public houses provided leisure for labourers, small manufacturers and poor people. Among them the most favourite amusements were dog-fights, cock-fights or bull-beatings. The second half of 18th century to 19th has brought significant social and industrial changes, which also had an impact on leisure provision. During this time people were moving from villages and small towns to cities. It caused overcrowding, increase of crime, poverty and longer hours of work. People could not enjoy leisure and space as they used to do. The most common behaviours were drinking and gambling. That is why important reforms had to take place. The 19th century has changed peoples thinking about what the leisure really was. Reformers were deeply concerned about three different aspects which include welfare of children, urban life with no opportunity for healthy exercise and recreation and encouraging governments to act against social injustice and hardship of masses. As a result of that improvement, government has created Physical Training and Recreation Act 1937, which enabled people access to the leisure facilities. Employers recognized the importance of providing leisu re to their employees and they started to create social and sports clubs in order to fulfil their needs. In 20th century also people from working class started to demand leisure. Public baths, houses and music halls became available not only for wealthy people, but also for those poorer. Leisure gained more recognition after the introduction of cinema, spectator sports and television, which came ultimately as a result of two World Wars. Finally, in 1960 the actual picture of leisure was developed as we know it today. Different organizations within public and commercial sector In current times, we can see clear division of leisure providers. The sectors we will be discussing are public sector and commercial one as a part of the private sector. Both sectors provides leisure and recreation facilities in a wide range. Public sector organizations are those owned by the government. This can be national government or local government Tribe, J. (2005, p.26) Source: Adapted from Tribe J., (2005, p.25) Facilities which are provided by public sector are accessible to us in two different ways. First, is an access without any fee. Examples of them are urban parks, playgrounds, libraries, picnic areas, nature trails, beaches and country parks. They are supported with rates and taxes we pay to concerned authorities. The other way of getting those services is to pay in order to use them. These facilities include swimming pools, playing fields, golf courses, marinas, arts centres, theatres and sports centres. If the leisure is not provided by local authorities, it may include difficulties in affording those facilities. Young people would not have an access to their culture and usage of open land for other purposes like supermarkets and car parks etc. That is why central government provides leisure open for general use. This governing body is responsible for making decisions on major policy and establishes the way in which local government can act. Office of the Deputy Prime Minister is a link between Local and Central governments. Therefore, it has significant influence on leisure itself. For instance, the ODPM is responsible for planning improvements such as increasing standards of leisure facilities. Another important department in central government is DCMS (Department of Culture, Media and Sport). This department has a responsibility of providing policy on: The Arts, sport, The National Lottery, libraries, museums and galleries, broadcasting, film, press freedom and regulation, The Historic Environment and tourism. Another sector, which is engaged in providing leisure, is private sector. Although it is divided for voluntary, which is non-profit making and commercial, our case of study will be only the commercial part of it. Private sector organizations are those which are non-government-owned. They can be further sub-divided into profit-making organizations and non-profit-making organizations Tribe, J. (2005, p.26) Source: Adapted from Tribe J., (2005, p.25) Commercial sector is a part of private sector which does not include voluntary organizations. Their activity is mainly directed to make financial profit from users of those services. They try to meet the demand of consumers but it is very hard to do it on current market. The main purpose of commercial sector is to achieve a financial profit or adequate return of investment. It does not exclude benefit in other sectors, but their predominant aims are different. Examples of commercial market are sport clubs, squash clubs, bowling, themed restaurants, amusement parks, holiday camps or cinemas. Commercial organizations do not have an intrinsic interest in leisure and recreation, in and of itself, but in leisure as a source of profit Torkildsen, G. (2004, p. 249) There is a correlation between both sectors mentioned above. When commercial sector creates new market, it tries to reach the highest level of productivity. After that, when they have to invest more money again, it is more beneficial for them to create a new market rather than invest outlay on the previous one. In these circumstances commercial sector puts strain on public sector, because the demand has been created already. If commercial sector do not want to work on it any longer, public sector is expected to do it. Commercial sector is often run by entrepreneurs. There are thousands of businesses involved in commercial sector, but they have been taken over by multinational companies. As a result of this the choices of products that are sold in the market are limited. In order to reduce risk factor in current economic recession period, business people have to sell the businesses in which they may not be good but concentrate on a vertical supply chain. Both sectors have to attract potential clients or lose profit. In the past both sectors dealt with different activities of their own range, but now they have been overlapped in most part of their business. Who benefits Leisure is something that people indulge in their everyday life; according to Doggett and OMahoney (1991, p.23) it is important because it enhances the quality of life in society. Leisure is an activity that can take place anywhere. Roberts (1978, p.125) says individuals can use their leisure for recreation. Alternatively, however, they can spend their time and money in their families, on their homes, in education and other mainstream institutions. Elaborating on this, it shows that people can choose whatever way they wanted to spend their leisure time without being disturbed. The two types of sectors we have, public and commercial, exist to give entertainment to local communities. But although they have the same assumption, they both offer various kinds of amusement (as mentioned above) and both give benefit in their own different ways. Commercial providers invest in and manage public sector facilities; the public sector offers high quality health and fitness opportunities, which have traditionally been offered by the commercial sector, while the voluntary and commercial sector are beginning to establish partnerships primarily for the benefit of customers of commercial facilities The Higher Education Academy (2005) [Online]. Still, it is mostly the people in the leisure industry that benefit the most, especially within the commercial sector, which is a dominant one in United Kingdom, as they provide leisure and service in return of money. Commercial sector is directed towards two groups of customers: those with disposable income and tourist. They as the wealthy people are able to make bigger profit for the company. This sector only give discounts or buy a package and get the other free or half price. It is a completely profit orientated part of leisure industry. However, most customers get refund, if they did not enjoy the leisure that was provided for them by the companies. On the other hand, it gives a lot of opportunities as far as employment is concerned, this sector delivers it. Moreover, it revenues income from abroad and drives development within the country. Practical advice for business [Online]. Public sector is provided by the government and local authorities in order to give equality to people, to make leisure accessible for those, who cannot afford it it raises the quality of life. Among leisure there are many sports facilities which help its users to stay healthy and fit, for example by tackling obesity. Public sector is also responsible for enabling the disabled access to these facilities. What is more, it supplies several kinds of discounts for various kinds of people. One of them is free theatre entry for people under 26 years, to encourage them to use that leisure facility and to make them more familiar to the culture. Also the elderly (over 75) have a cheaper access to many services. There are many local societies within this sector, like Woodhouse Road Family Life Centre for example, which is a group that brings together older people from the local community The Higher Education Academy (2005) [Online]. Older people can attend the meetings to have fun and remain a ctive and sociable The Higher Education Academy (2005) [Online]. So, in public sector it is not only about various facilities, sometimes just mutual support is enough. It is directed toward socially excluded people people are out of work, with low income and ethnic and disabled communities. Generally, this sector is responsible for providing leisure to everybody for free, so every participant is the one who receives a benefit. There is also a lot of support from European Union. Governments can get grants to make an improvement within their countries and local authorities are also able to develop leisure facilities within the cities. This makes citizens proud of the place they live; they have more places to go to and to entertain themselves. Such actions decrease hooliganism by reducing anti social behaviour and attract tourist and event co-ordinations. Specific reasons why public and commercial sector run leisure facilities Local authorities and societies play essential role in providing, supporting and developing leisure and sports opportunities. As local authority have different types of health services such as free consultancy and distribution of drugs (medicine) to the people in need. However local authority is the important part of a borough that keeps in touch with leisure and recreational activities. They are responsible for scheduling new improvement for protecting the environment and for improving the quality of life through local transport initiatives or better green spaces. In sort, local authorities have a significant direct impact on the success of communities. Public sectors really help to developed new supports to the people such as best athletic development and provide funding for developing new sport policies. Sports and recreational conveniences are offered by together private and public sectors. Mostly health centres and fitness clubs are organized by local authorities in the local areas. According to visitor survey by Tourism South East 2004/05 Leisure and Recreation [Online] in England about 13.5 million tourists visited The National Park. The National Park provides a most popular entertaining resource for the visitors living within and around the area, and also attracts several tourist from corner to corner of southern England and on a national scale as well. New developments within leisure also have positive impact of other ways; Leisure and recreation contributes can change the image of a city and lead to increased private savings. The main reason behind the existence of commercial sector is to make a profit. Commercial sector is responsible for delivering quality services for the people with disposable income. Also the particular facilities like swimming pools, which require a lot of maintenance, are only provided by commercial sector. The reason for the provision of swimming pools by commercial sector is that they have got sufficient amount of money for the maintenance work. As the competition is inevitable in this sector so they are concentrating more on the quality of services. These sectors run leisure services because off several reasons such as creating awareness and keeping society healthy. According to Miller the globalization of sport has also created hyper-competitive worldwide surroundings where many nations try to find their moment of fame on the world sport stage. Hoye et al, (2009, p.17). It is important that local communities have access to range of entertainment, arts, sports and recreational facilities for enjoyment. Local councils provide wide range of leisure and sports services including sports pitches, playing fields and playgrounds. Local authorities provide public parks and open spaces for older citizen and people in need. Arts centres venues and theatres, galleries and museums are also run by local communities. Local authorities also conduct various festivals, sporting and culture events. Providing leisure amenities from local establishment are very beneficial for native people. As local authorities have variety of entertainment and rel axation activities. People can find all facilities easily and cheaper then managing on themselves. Local authorities will motivate people towards healthy life style, by investing more money in sport and leisure facilities. Local authorities always have great emphasizes on promoting leisure and sports in the local areas. Conclusions After all of our considerations about the given topic, we came to the following conclusions. Leisure is not a new phenomenon; it has been existing as a part and parcel of our lives since ancient times. There is a wide range of different organizations dealing with the provision of leisure and recreation facilities. The services provided by local authorities are easily accessible to each class of community. On the other hand, leisure facilities provided by commercial sector are for those people, who have disposable income. The services provided by both sectors constitute to the high quality of life and nations health. It is beneficial to invest in both sectors as they are growing dramatically and the needs and demands of the people would be lasting in coming future. From the Travel and Tourism point of view, we can say that, tourists are able to use only a few services, provided by local authorities or voluntary sector, but they can use all the facilities provided by commercial sector as every facility is available to them after payment. As far as Events opinion is concerned, the situation here looks similar to the one above. People participating in events can enjoy those provided by both public and commercial sector equally, even if they are not citizens of given place.

Hockey-The Rodney Dangerfield Of Sports Essay -- essays research paper

Hockey, The Rodney Dangerfield Of Sports   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the US, there are four major sports; football, baseball, basketball, and hockey. Out of the four, hockey gets the least amount of respect. This is something that bothers me as hockey player and fan, and it also bothers other hockey fans around the country. They way that hockey is covered in the newspapers, on television, and not just professional hockey. It goes the same for college hockey and also high school hockey.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Lets start at the top with the NHL. The NHL has a TV deal with ESPN and ABC so that the two companies share the Stanley Cup Finals. The NHL’s championship series. (It should also be noted that ABC owns ESPN). The problem with TV deal is that ESPN is a paid for cable station, which means that you can only watch the finals games on ESPN if you have cable. Because of this, hockey doesn’t get as much exposure as other sports do too a new audience. The World Series is on FOX or NBC, the NBA Finals are on NBC, and the Super Bowl is on FOX, CBS, or ABC. All of those stations are free to a viewer with a television. There is no monthly charge for service of those stations unlike ESPN. This is where hockey gets shafted, the NHL is the only sport that has its championship game or series on cable TV where only a specific audience as access to it as opposed to the entire nation.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  But it is not just the Cup Finals that are on cable te...